Can you embed #Tableau inside SharePoint 2013? 

Short answer: Of course you can. 

Longer answer: 

I manually installed the sample Tableau web part for SharePoint using the “new” instructions that landed in version 7.014 and 8.01. Piece ‘o cake. The only change to the standard instructions was that the stsadm tool lives in the 15bin folder instead of 14bin in SharePoint 2013

Much longer answer:

A good 70-80% of the time, there is no reason to use the Tableau web part to begin with. The built-in SharePoint “Page Viewer” web part will do just fine.